Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
59847 => 5 9 8 4 7
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
5 to 9 = 4
9 to 8 = 1
8 to 4 = 4
4 to 7 = 3
7 to 5 = 2
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
4 1 4 3 2 = 41432